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What do you ask
yourself when deciding if you are ready to buy a home? The four
questions that follow are among the most important when determining if
you should now consider a home purchase.
The test is self-scoring; simply
indicate a "yes" or "no" next to each of the four
questions after you have read the text. Then, total up
your number of "yes" and "no" answers, and draw
your own conclusions as to whether or not you are now ready to buy a
home.
1.
Do You Have a Steady Job History?
If you have been working
consistently for at least the last two years, a lender will consider
this to be steady employment. This does not mean that to be
approved for a mortgage loan, you need to have held the same job for
the last two years. In fact, job moves are looked on favorably if the
result has been equal or more pay.
However, if you have been
working continuously for less than two years, this doesn't necessarily
mean you won't be approved for a mortgage loan. The important thing is
to be able to reasonably explain any gaps in employment. For example,
if you were just discharged from the military, recently finished
school, work seasonally with work gaps between seasons, were
temporarily laid off, or had an illness that prevented you from
working, you may still be able to qualify for a mortgage loan.
If You Answer Yes.
This means you have been working
continuously for the last two years, or if you have not, you are able
to provide a mortgage lender with reasonable explanations for any gaps
in employment. If you can demonstrate a steady level of income and job
history, the lender will have evidence of your capacity to pay back a
mortgage loan.
If You Answer No.
Saying "no" to a
stable work history means you have not been consistently employed over
the past two years and have not kept up a regular and even income
level. You may have been fired for cause. You might have big gaps in
your job record. Or there may have been dips in your income level that
you cannot satisfactorily explain. If this is the case, you may have
to delay borrowing money for a home until you can show that you have a
steady income and stable work history.
2.
Do You Have an Established and Favorable Credit Profile?
Before lending you money,
lenders want to see a track record of debts owed and duly repaid. Your
lender will order a credit report to verify your debts, the amount of
your monthly payments, and how many months or years you have left to
pay off your debts.
Credit bureaus keep records of
consumer debt and how regularly these debts are repaid. Credit bureaus
compile these reports by obtaining information from a wide range of
sources--credit card companies, banks that have given you car loans,
department stores and gasoline companies that provide credit cards.
If you have never had any credit
cards and have never borrowed money from a financial institution, you
can still establish a credit history by documenting your monthly rent
payments to current or previous landlords and your monthly payments to
utility companies for electricity, gas, water, and telephone services.
A mortgage lender can probably help you put this information together.
You can find out what
information is in your credit file by contacting a credit bureau. They
usually are listed in the yellow pages of your phone book under
"Credit Reporting Agencies" and will provide you with a copy
of your report for free or for a nominal fee. The major companies are
Experian (formerly TRW., Inc.), CBI Equifax, Inc., and Trans Union.
Contact any of them for your credit report. See if any
information is missing or inaccurate, so you can take steps to have
the report corrected if necessary.
If You Answer Yes.
Saying "yes" to a good
credit record means you have a history of paying your rent and other
bills on time and will be able to prove that through a credit report
or through compiling a nontraditional credit history.
Although lender credit standards may vary, being late on a payment or
having gone over your credit limit once or twice doesn't necessarily
mean you don't have good credit--particularly if you can reasonably
explain why. But if you show a repeated pattern of not paying
accounts as agreed, it will affect your credit history. A good
credit history tells the lender that you pay your obligations on time
and use credit wisely-- important information for a lender to know
when you want to take out a mortgage loan.
If You Answer No.
An unfavorable credit profile
may mean you do not pay your bills on time or you currently have more
credit obligations than you have been able to handle.
Information that may be considered negative includes late payments,
repossessions, accounts turned over to a collection agency,
judgments, liens, and bankruptcies. Negative information in your
credit file may lead creditors, such as mortgage lenders, to deny you
credit.
If your credit report shows that
you do not have a good credit history, and the report is accurate, now
may not be the best time to apply for a mortgage loan. Instead,
you should try to improve your credit profile. Bring your payments up
to date; pay off some of your debts; and work on paying your bills on
time. Over time, you can build a profile that shows you
are a good candidate for a loan, even if you have had serious credit
problems in the past. For example, a foreclosure on an earlier
mortgage does not mean you can never get a mortgage for another
home. But most lenders prefer that three years go by
before they will consider you for a new mortgage, and will want to
know why there was a foreclosure. Similarly, if you have
declared bankruptcy, most lenders won't let you assume a mortgage debt
until at least two years after discharge of the bankruptcy.
The agents at Buyer Agents
Realty can refer you to non-profit organizations that provide
counseling services, such as helping you develop budgets and arranging
repayment plans that are acceptable to you and your creditors.
3.
Have You Saved the Money for a Down Payment and Closing Costs?
Nearly all home buyers require a
mortgage loan from a financial institution. However, few loans
are for the full purchase price of a house. Instead, a lender will
insist you contribute some portion of your own funds (the down
payment) as part of the deal. Today, buyers can pay as little as 5
percent down. (In fact, some programs such require as little as 3
percent down). There are also a number of government-sponsored loan
programs, including Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Veterans
Administration (VA), and Rural Housing Service (RHS) loans, that
require little or no down payment for qualified borrowers.
Typically, however, most lenders
require some form of down payment. For a $100,000 home, a 5 percent
down payment requirement would be $5,000.
You also will need to pay a
number of additional costs, called closing costs, that cover the legal
transference of a property to your name and other costs associated
with your taking out a mortgage. Closing costs generally range from 3
percent to 6 percent of the sales price of the home. So, if you were
to buy a $100,000 house with a 5 percent ($5,000) down payment, you
could expect to pay between $3,000 and $6,000 in closing costs.
Think about how much house you
are considering and the type of mortgage down payment your loan will
require. Then calculate the funds you have available to you for a down
payment and closing costs.
If You Answer Yes.
Congratulations! Saving
sufficient funds for closing costs and a down payment is usually one
of the hardest parts of being ready to buy a home. If you believe you
have sufficient funds, you are in a good position to shop for a
mortgage and get pre-qualified by a lender, so that you know how much
you can borrow based on your income and existing debt. When you do
apply for a loan, your lender will verify that you have the funds you
say you do, so be sure to be truthful about the amount you really do
have available.
If You Answer No.
If you do not now have at least
a part of the money saved, you may be able to enlist the aid of a
relative or a government or nonprofit agency that might give or loan
you the money. Local housing agencies often offer loan terms
that include no down payments.
However, if this type of down
payment and closing cost assistance is not available and you have not
already saved the money for at least part of those expenses, this
probably isn't the right time for you to buy a house. Instead, you
should begin to budget some money from every pay check that you can
put into a savings account. The more consistently you save
money, the better your chances to apply for a mortgage in the future.
4.
Can You Afford Monthly Mortgage Payments for the House You Want?
Generally, the amount of your
monthly mortgage payment is limited to 28 percent of your gross
monthly income. The amount of your total monthly debt is limited to 36
percent of your gross monthly income. Staying within these lender
guidelines will give you a certain range of monthly mortgage payments
you can afford. The amount of these payments will depend on current
interest rates.
How much will your monthly
mortgage payments be for a certain sales price home and at certain
interest rates? Our loan calculator will provide you an indication of
your buying range. From your calculations, you will be able to judge
if the amount of mortgage payments you can afford will buy you the
type of house you want.
If You Answer Yes.
If you calculate that your
income and your current debts are sufficient to allow you to afford
monthly mortgage payments for a home at a certain sales and at a
certain interest rate, then your next step may be to get to know what
types of homes are available to you in the price range you can afford.
We can help you do that when we talk to you personally. You may
also want to get pre-qualified by a mortgage lender, who can help
verify that the calculations of your buying power are in the ball park
of the amount of the money the lender will provide you for a mortgage.
If You Answer No.
If after investigating various
types of mortgages, you are not happy with the mortgage amount you
will qualify for, you may need to lower your sights and simply
recognize that you'll have to buy a less expensive "starter
home" or continue to rent. You may decide to wait to apply for a
mortgage until your income increases. For example, is it
possible for you to put in extra hours on the job to build up your
income? Or do you or your co-borrower (if there is one) expect a
raise in the near future? If so, you may wait a bit to buy a
house so that you can qualify for a higher mortgage amount. In
addition, if your existing debt is too high in relation to your
income, you may be able to qualify for a larger mortgage by paying off
some of this debt.
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